Long-term energy transitions
Share of primary energy by source over the long-term, measured as the percentage of total energy consumption.Primary electricity includes: hydropower, nuclear power, wind, photovoltaics, tidal, wave and solar thermal andgeothermal (only figures for electricity production are included).
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Charts
- Absolute annual change in primary energy consumption
- Access to clean fuels for cooking vs. per capita energy use
- Access to electricity vs. GDP per capita
- Annual change in coal energy consumption
- Annual change in fossil fuel consumption
- Annual change in gas consumption
- Annual change in hydropower generation
- Annual change in low-carbon energy generation
- Annual change in nuclear energy generation
- Annual change in oil consumption
- Annual change in primary energy consumption
- Annual change in renewable energy generation
- Annual change in solar and wind energy generation
- Annual change in solar energy generation
- Annual change in wind energy generation
- Annual patents filed for carbon capture and storage technologies
- Annual patents filed for electric vehicle technologies
- Annual patents filed for energy storage technologies
- Annual patents filed for renewable energy technologies
- Annual patents filed in sustainable energy
- Annual percentage change in coal energy consumption
- Annual percentage change in fossil fuel consumption
- Annual percentage change in gas consumption
- Annual percentage change in hydropower generation
- Annual percentage change in low-carbon energy generation
- Annual percentage change in nuclear energy generation
- Annual percentage change in oil consumption
- Annual percentage change in renewable energy generation
- Annual percentage change in solar and wind energy generation
- Annual percentage change in solar energy generation
- Annual percentage change in wind energy generation
- CO₂ emissions per capita vs. fossil fuel consumption per capita
- CO₂ emissions per capita vs. share of electricity generation from renewables
- Carbon intensity of electricity generation
- Changes in energy use vs. changes in GDP
- Changes in energy use vs. changes in GDP per capita
- Coal by end user in the United Kingdom
- Coal energy consumption per capita vs. GDP per capita
- Coal output from opencast and deepmines in the United Kingdom
- Coal output per worker in the United Kingdom
- Coal prices
- Coal productionLong-run series
- Coal productionSince 1981
- Coal production and imports in the United KingdomTonnes
- Coal production per capita
- Coal production per capita over the long-term
- Cobalt production
- Consumption-based energy intensity per dollar
- Consumption-based energy use per person
- Countries with a sustainable consumption and production national action plan
- Crude oil prices
- Crude oil prices
- Crude oil spot prices
- Death rate from indoor air pollution vs. per capita energy use
- Death rates per unit of electricity production
- Direct primary energy consumption from fossil fuels, nuclear, and renewables
- Electric car stocks
- Electricity as a share of primary energy
- Electricity demand
- Electricity generation
- Electricity generation from coal
- Electricity generation from fossil fuels
- Electricity generation from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
- Electricity generation from gas
- Electricity generation from low-carbon sources
- Electricity generation from oil
- Electricity generation from renewables
- Electricity generation from solar and wind compared to coal
- Electricity production by sourceLine chart
- Electricity production by sourceAbsolute area chart
- Electricity production by sourceRelative area chart
- Electricity production from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
- Electricity production in the United Kingdom
- Employment in the coal industry in the United Kingdom
- Energy consumption by source
- Energy embedded in traded goods as a share of domestic energy
- Energy imports and exports
- Energy intensityWorld Bank
- Energy intensity
- Energy intensity by sector
- Energy intensity vs. GDP per capita
- Energy use per capita vs. CO₂ emissions per capita
- Energy use per person
- Energy use per person vs. GDP per capita
- Fossil fuel consumptionBy type
- Fossil fuel consumptionBy country
- Fossil fuel consumption per capita
- Fossil fuel consumption per capita by sourceStacked area chart
- Fossil fuel consumption per capita by sourceLine chart
- Fossil fuel price index
- Fossil fuel production over the long-term
- Fossil fuel production per capita
- GDP per capita vs. energy use
- Gas consumption
- Gas consumption by region
- Gas production
- Gas production per capita
- Gas reserves
- Global aviation demand, energy efficiency and CO₂ emissions
- Global direct primary energy consumption
- Global electricity use for air conditioning
- Global fossil fuel consumption
- Global hydropower consumption
- Global installed renewable energy capacity by technology
- Global primary energy consumption by sourceLine chart
- Global primary energy consumption by sourceStacked area chart
- Graphite production
- How have things changed?
- Hubbert's peak prediction vs. actual oil production in the United States
- Hydropower generation
- Hydropower generation by region
- Hypothetical number of deaths from energy production
- Installed geothermal energy capacity
- Installed solar energy capacity
- Installed wind energy capacity
- Investment in renewable energy, by technology
- Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions
- Levelized cost of energy for renewables by country
- Lithium production
- Low-carbon electricity generation per capita
- Low-carbon energy consumption
- Mining requirements of electricity sources, including gas
- Modern renewable energy generation by source
- Natural gas prices
- Natural gas production by region
- Net electricity imports
- Net electricity imports as a share of electricity demand
- Net energy embedded in traded goods
- Nuclear power generation
- Number of fully battery-electric and plug-in hybrid cars sold
- Number of new cars sold, by type
- Number of new electric cars sold
- Number of people with and without electricity access
- Number of people without access to electricityBy world region
- Number of people without access to electricityBy country
- Oil consumption
- Oil consumption by region
- Oil production
- Oil production by region
- Oil production per capita
- Oil rents as a share of GDP
- Oil reserves
- People without clean fuels for cooking, by world region
- Per capita CO₂ emissions by source
- Per capita CO₂ emissions vs. per capita energy consumption
- Per capita consumption of low-carbon energy
- Per capita consumption of low-carbon energy vs. GDP per capita
- Per capita electricity demand
- Per capita electricity generation
- Per capita electricity generation by source
- Per capita electricity generation from fossil fuels
- Per capita electricity generation from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
- Per capita electricity generation from gas
- Per capita electricity generation from hydropower
- Per capita electricity generation from nuclear
- Per capita electricity generation from oil
- Per capita electricity generation from renewables
- Per capita electricity generation from solar
- Per capita electricity generation from solar and wind
- Per capita electricity generation from wind
- Per capita electricity generation vs. GDP per capita
- Per capita energy consumption from coal
- Per capita energy consumption from hydropower
- Per capita energy consumption from nuclear
- Per capita energy consumption from renewables
- Per capita energy consumption from solar
- Per capita energy consumption from solar and wind
- Per capita energy consumption from wind
- Per capita energy from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
- Per capita fossil energy consumption vs. GDP per capita
- Per capita gas consumption
- Per capita generation of coal electricity
- Per capita oil consumption
- Per capita primary energy consumption by source
- Power outages in firms in a typical month
- Prices of key materials for the energy transition
- Primary direct energy consumption by source
- Primary energy consumption
- Primary energy consumption by sourceOver time
- Primary energy consumption by sourceBy country
- Primary energy consumption by world region
- Primary energy consumption from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
- Primary energy consumption from hydropower
- Primary energy consumption from nuclear
- Primary energy consumption from renewables
- Primary energy consumption from solar
- Primary energy consumption from solar and wind
- Primary energy consumption from wind
- Primary energy mix in the United Kingdom
- Production vs. consumption-based carbon intensity of energy
- Production- vs. consumption-based energy use per person
- Production-based vs. consumption-based energy use
- Renewable and nuclear energy: direct vs. substituted energy
- Renewable electricity generationStacked area chart
- Renewable energy consumption
- Renewable energy generationLine chart
- Renewable energy investment
- Share of cars currently in use that are electric
- Share of direct primary energy consumption by source
- Share of electricity generated by low-carbon sources
- Share of electricity generation from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear
- Share of electricity production by sourceIndividual sources
- Share of electricity production by sourceFaceted
- Share of electricity production by sourceBroad types
- Share of electricity production from coal
- Share of electricity production from fossil fuels
- Share of electricity production from gas
- Share of electricity production from hydropower
- Share of electricity production from nuclear
- Share of electricity production from oil
- Share of electricity production from renewable sources
- Share of electricity production from renewables
- Share of electricity production from solar
- Share of electricity production from solar and wind
- Share of electricity production from wind
- Share of energy consumption by source
- Share of final energy use that comes from renewable sources
- Share of global primary energy consumption by source
- Share of new cars sold that are battery-electric and plug-in hybrid
- Share of new cars sold that are electric
- Share of new electric cars that are fully battery-electric
- Share of primary energy consumption from coal
- Share of primary energy consumption from fossil fuels
- Share of primary energy consumption from gas
- Share of primary energy consumption from hydroelectric power
- Share of primary energy consumption from low-carbon sources
- Share of primary energy consumption from nuclear
- Share of primary energy consumption from oil
- Share of primary energy consumption from renewable sources
- Share of primary energy consumption from solar
- Share of primary energy consumption from solar and wind
- Share of primary energy consumption from wind
- Share of primary energy consumption that comes from nuclear and renewables
- Share of primary energy that is low-carbon vs. GDP per capita
- Share of rural vs. urban population with electricity access
- Share of schools with access to electricity
- Share of the population with access to basic services
- Share of the population with access to electricity
- Share of the workforce employed in the coal industry, United Kingdom
- Share of total energy used in agriculture and forestry
- Share with access to electricity vs. per capita energy consumption
- Solar (photovoltaic) panel prices
- Solar (photovoltaic) panel prices vs. cumulative capacity
- Solar (photovoltaic) panels cumulative capacity
- Solar and wind power generation
- Solar energy generation by region
- Solar energy generation vs. capacity
- Solar power generation
- The cost of 66 different technologies over time
- The long-term energy transition in Europe
- Thermal efficiency factor applied to non-fossil energy sources to convert them to primary energy equivalents
- Uranium production
- When will countries phase out coal power?
- Wind energy generation by region
- Wind energy generation vs. installed capacity
- Wind power generation
- World crude oil price vs. oil consumption
- Year-to-year change in primary energy consumption by source
- Year-to-year change in primary energy consumption from fossil fuels vs. low-carbon energy
- Year-to-year percentage change in primary energy consumption
- Years of fossil fuel reserves left