Environmental footprints of dairy and plant-based milks

Impacts are measured per liter of milk. These are based on a meta-analysis of food system impact studies across the supply chain which includes land usechange, on-farm production, processing, transport, and packaging.

Land useLand use8.95 m²0.76 m²0.66 m²0.5 m²0.34 m²Dairy milkOat milkSoy milkAlmond milkRice milkGreenhouse gas emissionsGreenhouse gas emissions3.15 kg1.18 kg0.98 kg0.9 kg0.7 kgDairy milkRice milkSoy milkOat milkAlmond milkFreshwater useFreshwater use628.2 L371.46 L269.81 L48.24 L27.8 LDairy milkAlmond milkRice milkOat milkSoy milkEutrophicationEutrophication10.65 g4.69 g1.62 g1.5 g1.06 gDairy milkRice milkOat milkAlmond milkSoy milk
Environmental footprints of dairy and plant-based milks

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