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Fertility rate vs. GDP per capita, 2004 to 2019

The total fertility rate summarizes the total number of births a woman would have, if she experienced the birth ratesseen in women of each age group in one particular year across her childbearing years. This is shown against grossdomestic product (GDP) per capita, adjusted for inflation and for differences in living costs between countries.

Average annual change in GDP per capita-4%-2%+0%+2%+4%+6%+8%+10%Average annual change in births per woman+0%BarbadosBarbadosChinaChinaEgyptEgyptEthiopiaEthiopiaIndonesiaIndonesiaJapanJapanPakistanPakistanUnited StatesUnited StatesYemenYemenAfricaAsiaEuropeNorth AmericaOceaniaSouth America1.4B1.4BCircles sized byPopulation(historical)

Data source: UN, World Population Prospects (2024); Feenstra et al. (2015), Penn World Table (2021) – Learn more about this data

Note: GDP per capita is expressed in international-$ at 2017 prices, using multiple benchmark years to adjust for differences in the costof living between countries over time.

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