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Data

Total fertility rate: births per woman

See all data and research on:
Fertility Rate

What you should know about this indicator

  • Assumes current age-specific fertility rates remain constant throughout a woman's lifetime.
  • Does not account for potential changes in social, economic, or health conditions that could affect fertility rates.
Total fertility rate: births per woman
The average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime if she experienced the fertility rates of a specific year.
Source
Human Fertility Database (2024) – processed by Our World in Data
Last updated
November 19, 2024
Next expected update
November 2025
Date range
1891–2023
Unit
births per woman

Sources and processing

This data is based on the following sources

The HFD is entirely based on one and the same type of initial data - officially registered birth counts by calendar year, mother's age (and/or cohort) and (whenever possible) biological birth order. These data, together with total female population exposure from the Human Mortality Database (www.mortality.org) and parity-specific female population exposure from selected population censuses, population registers, or large-scale surveys, are further processed using a uniform set of methods. The major HFD output includes detailed data on births, unconditional and conditional fertility rates, cohort and period fertility tables as well as selected aggregate indicators such as total fertility rates, mean ages at childbearing, and parity progression ratios.

For each country, there are four blocks of data provided:

  • Summary Indicators
  • Age-Specific Data
  • Fertility Tables
  • Input Data

More details at https://www.humanfertility.org/Data/ExplanatoryNotes, and https://www.humanfertility.org/File/GetDocumentFree/Docs/methods.pdf.

Retrieved on
November 19, 2024
Retrieved from
https://www.humanfertility.org/Home/Index
Citation
This is the citation of the original data obtained from the source, prior to any processing or adaptation by Our World in Data. To cite data downloaded from this page, please use the suggested citation given in Reuse This Work below.
Human Fertility Database. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (Germany) and Vienna Institute of Demography (Austria). Available at www.humanfertility.org (data downloaded on 2024-11-19).

How we process data at Our World in Data

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Citations

How to cite this page

To cite this page overall, including any descriptions, FAQs or explanations of the data authored by Our World in Data, please use the following citation:

“Data Page: Total fertility rate: births per woman”, part of the following publication: Max Roser (2014) - “Fertility Rate”. Data adapted from Human Fertility Database. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/period-total-fertility-rate [online resource]
How to cite this data

In-line citationIf you have limited space (e.g. in data visualizations), you can use this abbreviated in-line citation:

Human Fertility Database (2024) – processed by Our World in Data

Full citation

Human Fertility Database (2024) – processed by Our World in Data. “Total fertility rate: births per woman” [dataset]. Human Fertility Database, “Human Fertility Database” [original data]. Retrieved December 22, 2024 from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/period-total-fertility-rate