World Bank income groups, 1987 to 2023

The World Bank's income classifications divide countries into four categories based on their gross national income (GNI) per capita. The GNI thresholds betweenincome groups have changed over time.

World Bank's income classification

Country/area	1987	2023
Afghanistan	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Albania		Upper-middle-income countries
Algeria	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
American Samoa	High-income countries	High-income countries
Andorra		High-income countries
Angola		Lower-middle-income countries
Antigua and Barbuda	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Argentina	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Armenia		Upper-middle-income countries
Aruba	High-income countries	High-income countries
Australia	High-income countries	High-income countries
Austria	High-income countries	High-income countries
Azerbaijan		Upper-middle-income countries
Bahamas	High-income countries	High-income countries
Bahrain	High-income countries	High-income countries
Bangladesh	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Barbados	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Belarus		Upper-middle-income countries
Belgium	High-income countries	High-income countries
Belize	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Benin	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Bermuda	High-income countries	High-income countries
Bhutan	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Bolivia	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Bosnia and Herzegovina		Upper-middle-income countries
Botswana	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Brazil	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
British Virgin Islands		High-income countries
Brunei	High-income countries	High-income countries
Bulgaria		High-income countries
Burkina Faso	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Burundi	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Cambodia	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Cameroon	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Canada	High-income countries	High-income countries
Cape Verde		Lower-middle-income countries
Cayman Islands		High-income countries
Central African Republic	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Chad	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Chile	Lower-middle-income countries	High-income countries
China	Low-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Colombia	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Comoros	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Congo	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Costa Rica	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Cote d'Ivoire	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Croatia		High-income countries
Cuba		Upper-middle-income countries
Curacao		High-income countries
Cyprus	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Czechia		High-income countries
Czechoslovakia
Democratic Republic of Congo	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Denmark	High-income countries	High-income countries
Djibouti		Lower-middle-income countries
Dominica	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Dominican Republic	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
East Timor		Lower-middle-income countries
Ecuador	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Egypt	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
El Salvador	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Equatorial Guinea	Low-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Eritrea		Low-income countries
Estonia		High-income countries
Eswatini	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Ethiopia	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Faroe Islands	High-income countries	High-income countries
Fiji	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Finland	High-income countries	High-income countries
France	High-income countries	High-income countries
French Polynesia		High-income countries
Gabon	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Gambia	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Georgia		Upper-middle-income countries
Germany	High-income countries	High-income countries
Ghana	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Gibraltar	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Greece	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Greenland	High-income countries	High-income countries
Grenada	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Guam	High-income countries	High-income countries
Guatemala	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Guinea	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Guinea-Bissau	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Guyana	Low-income countries	High-income countries
Haiti	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Honduras	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Hong Kong	High-income countries	High-income countries
Hungary	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Iceland	High-income countries	High-income countries
India	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Indonesia	Low-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Iran	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Iraq	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Ireland	High-income countries	High-income countries
Isle of Man	High-income countries	High-income countries
Israel	High-income countries	High-income countries
Italy	High-income countries	High-income countries
Jamaica	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Japan	High-income countries	High-income countries
Jordan	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Kazakhstan		Upper-middle-income countries
Kenya	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Kiribati	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Kosovo		Upper-middle-income countries
Kuwait	High-income countries	High-income countries
Kyrgyzstan		Lower-middle-income countries
Laos	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Latvia		High-income countries
Lebanon	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Lesotho	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Liberia	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Libya	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Liechtenstein		High-income countries
Lithuania		High-income countries
Luxembourg	High-income countries	High-income countries
Macao	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Madagascar	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Malawi	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Malaysia	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Maldives	Low-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Mali	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Malta	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Marshall Islands		Upper-middle-income countries
Mauritania	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Mauritius	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Mayotte
Mexico	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Micronesia (country)		Lower-middle-income countries
Moldova		Upper-middle-income countries
Monaco		High-income countries
Mongolia		Upper-middle-income countries
Montenegro		Upper-middle-income countries
Morocco	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Mozambique	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Myanmar	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Namibia		Upper-middle-income countries
Nauru		High-income countries
Nepal	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Netherlands	High-income countries	High-income countries
Netherlands Antilles	Upper-middle-income countries
New Caledonia	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
New Zealand	High-income countries	High-income countries
Nicaragua	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Niger	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Nigeria	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
North Korea		Low-income countries
North Macedonia		Upper-middle-income countries
Northern Mariana Islands		High-income countries
Norway	High-income countries	High-income countries
Oman	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Pakistan	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Palau		High-income countries
Palestine		Lower-middle-income countries
Panama	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Papua New Guinea	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Paraguay	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Peru	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Philippines	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Poland	Lower-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Portugal	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Puerto Rico	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Qatar	High-income countries	High-income countries
Romania	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Russia		High-income countries
Rwanda	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Saint Lucia	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Saint Martin (French part)		High-income countries
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Samoa	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
San Marino		High-income countries
Sao Tome and Principe	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Saudi Arabia	High-income countries	High-income countries
Senegal	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Serbia		Upper-middle-income countries
Serbia and Montenegro
Seychelles	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Sierra Leone	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Singapore	High-income countries	High-income countries
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)		High-income countries
Slovakia		High-income countries
Slovenia		High-income countries
Solomon Islands	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Somalia	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
South Africa	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
South Korea	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
South Sudan		Low-income countries
Spain	High-income countries	High-income countries
Sri Lanka	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Sudan	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Suriname	Upper-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Sweden	High-income countries	High-income countries
Switzerland	High-income countries	High-income countries
Syria	Lower-middle-income countries	Low-income countries
Taiwan	High-income countries	High-income countries
Tajikistan		Lower-middle-income countries
Tanzania	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Thailand	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Togo	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Tonga	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Trinidad and Tobago	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Tunisia	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Turkey	Lower-middle-income countries	Upper-middle-income countries
Turkmenistan		Upper-middle-income countries
Turks and Caicos Islands		High-income countries
Tuvalu		Upper-middle-income countries
USSR
Uganda	Low-income countries	Low-income countries
Ukraine		Upper-middle-income countries
United Arab Emirates	High-income countries	High-income countries
United Kingdom	High-income countries	High-income countries
United States	High-income countries	High-income countries
United States Virgin Islands	High-income countries	High-income countries
Uruguay	Upper-middle-income countries	High-income countries
Uzbekistan		Lower-middle-income countries
Vanuatu	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Venezuela	Upper-middle-income countries
Vietnam	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Yemen	Lower-middle-income countries	Low-income countries
Yugoslavia	Upper-middle-income countries
Zambia	Low-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Zimbabwe	Lower-middle-income countries	Lower-middle-income countries
Other
Channel Islands	High-income countries	High-income countries

Data

World Bank income groups

See all data and research on:

Economic Growth

What you should know about this indicator

The World Bank creates a yearly classification of countries by income, for all countries with population over 30,000.
This classification stays the same throughout the fiscal year (from July 1 to June 30) even if the income data for a country changes.
Low-income countries are those with a gross national income (GNI) per capita of $1,145 or less in 2023.
Lower-middle-income countries are those with a GNI per capita between $1,146 and $4,515 in 2023.
Upper-middle-income countries are those with a GNI per capita between $4,516 and $14,005 in 2023.
High-income countries are those with a GNI per capita of more than $14,005 in 2023.

For the current 2025 fiscal year, low-income economies are defined as those with a GNI per capita, calculated using the World Bank Atlas method, of $1,145 or less in 2023; lower middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita between $1,146 and $4,515; upper middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita between $4,516 and $14,005; high-income economies are those with more than a GNI per capita of $14,005.

Please note: Regions in this table include economies at all income levels. The term country, used interchangeably with economy, does not imply political independence but refers to any territory for which authorities report separate social or economic statistics. Click here for information about how the World Bank classifies countries.

World Bank income groups

Income classification based on the country's income each year.

Source

World Bank (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data

Last updated

July 29, 2024

Next expected update

July 2025

Date range

1987–2023

Sources and processing

This data is based on the following sources

Retrieved on

July 29, 2024

Retrieved from

https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups

Citation

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World Bank - Income classifications (2024).

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“Data Page: World Bank income groups”, part of the following publication: Max Roser, Bertha Rohenkohl, Pablo Arriagada, Joe Hasell, Hannah Ritchie, and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina (2023) - “Economic Growth”. Data adapted from World Bank. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-bank-income-groups [online resource]

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World Bank (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data

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World Bank (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “World Bank income groups” [dataset]. World Bank, “Income Classifications” [original data]. Retrieved April 11, 2025 from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-bank-income-groups

World Bank income groups, 1987 to 2023

World Bank income groups

What you should know about this indicator

How is this data described by its producer?

Sources and processing

This data is based on the following sources

World Bank – Income Classifications

How we process data at Our World in Data

Reuse this work

Citations

How to cite this page

How to cite this data

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World Bank income groups, 1987 to 2023

World Bank income groups

What you should know about this indicator

How is this data described by its producer?

Explore charts that include this data

Sources and processing

This data is based on the following sources

World Bank – Income Classifications

How we process data at Our World in Data

Reuse this work

Citations

How to cite this page

How to cite this data

Our World in Data is free and accessible for everyone.