Hate crime protections based on sexual orientation or gender identity
About this data
More Data on LGBT+ Rights
Sources and processing
This data is based on the following sources
How we process data at Our World in Data
All data and visualizations on Our World in Data rely on data sourced from one or several original data providers. Preparing this original data involves several processing steps. Depending on the data, this can include standardizing country names and world region definitions, converting units, calculating derived indicators such as per capita measures, as well as adding or adapting metadata such as the name or the description given to an indicator.
At the link below you can find a detailed description of the structure of our data pipeline, including links to all the code used to prepare data across Our World in Data.
Notes on our processing step for this indicator
- We have extracted the data from the official Equaldex JSON API.
- We combine the historical and current data extracted from the API to create a time series.
- If Equaldex doesn't record when a status began, we only include it for the most recent year — we don't extend it backward.
- We group some of the categories the source has defined for each issue, for further clarity in our visualizations.
- We present this data only for sovereign states, defined by Butcher and Griffiths (2020), using the definitions of the latest year available. Greenland is the one exception: we keep it as its own country row but exclude it from regional aggregates.
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Citations
How to cite this page
To cite this page overall, including any descriptions, FAQs or explanations of the data authored by Our World in Data, please use the following citation:
“Data Page: Hate crime protections based on sexual orientation or gender identity”, part of the following publication: Bastian Herre and Pablo Arriagada (2023) - “LGBT+ Rights”. Data adapted from Equaldex. Retrieved from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260520-180111/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.html [online resource] (archived on May 20, 2026).How to cite this data
In-line citationIf you have limited space (e.g. in data visualizations), you can use this abbreviated in-line citation:
Equaldex (2026) – with major processing by Our World in DataFull citation
Equaldex (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Hate crime protections based on sexual orientation or gender identity – Equaldex” [dataset]. Equaldex, “Equaldex” [original data]. Retrieved May 20, 2026 from https://archive.ourworldindata.org/20260520-180111/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.html (archived on May 20, 2026).Download
Quick download
Download the data shown in this chart as a ZIP file containing a CSV file, metadata in JSON format, and a README. The CSV file can be opened in Excel, Google Sheets, and other data analysis tools.
Data API
Use these URLs to programmatically access this chart's data and configure your requests with the options below. Our documentation provides more information on how to use the API, and you can find a few code examples below.
Data URL (CSV format)
https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=falseMetadata URL (JSON format)
https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.metadata.json?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=falseExcel / Google Sheets
=IMPORTDATA("https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false")Python with Pandas
import pandas as pd
import requests
# Fetch the data.
df = pd.read_csv("https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false", storage_options = {'User-Agent': 'Our World In Data data fetch/1.0'})
# Fetch the metadata
metadata = requests.get("https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.metadata.json?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false").json()R
library(jsonlite)
# Fetch the data
df <- read.csv("https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false")
# Fetch the metadata
metadata <- fromJSON("https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.metadata.json?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false")Stata
import delimited "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/hate-crime-protections-based-on-sexual-orientation-or-gender-identity.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false", encoding("utf-8") clear