Electricity generation

Measured in terawatt-hours.

Total electricity generation Ember and Energy Instituteterawatt-hours
Country/area
1985
2023
Absolute Change
Relative Change
Afghanistan0.83 TWh
Albania7.00 TWh
Algeria12.27 TWh85.91 TWh+73.64 TWh+600%
American Samoa0.18 TWh
Angola16.94 TWh
Antigua and Barbuda0.36 TWh
Argentina45.30 TWh153.43 TWh+108.13 TWh+239%
Armenia8.77 TWh
Aruba0.98 TWh
Australia123.67 TWh274.89 TWh+151.22 TWh+122%
Austria43.74 TWh66.96 TWh+23.22 TWh+53%
Azerbaijan20.70 TWh29.30 TWh+8.60 TWh+42%
Bahamas2.03 TWh
Bahrain35.54 TWh
Bangladesh4.53 TWh102.11 TWh+97.58 TWh+2,155%
Barbados1.09 TWh
Belarus33.17 TWh41.82 TWh+8.64 TWh+26%
Belgium57.32 TWh82.40 TWh+25.08 TWh+44%
Belize0.31 TWh
Benin1.13 TWh
Bermuda0.63 TWh
Bhutan9.00 TWh
Bolivia12.15 TWh
Bosnia and Herzegovina16.90 TWh
Botswana2.63 TWh
Brazil193.68 TWh713.18 TWh+519.50 TWh+268%
British Virgin Islands0.17 TWh
Brunei5.75 TWh
Bulgaria41.63 TWh39.99 TWh-1.64 TWh-4%
Burkina Faso0.77 TWh
Burundi0.36 TWh
Cambodia8.81 TWh
Cameroon8.12 TWh
Canada459.02 TWh634.90 TWh+175.88 TWh+38%
Cape Verde0.43 TWh
Cayman Islands0.70 TWh
Central African Republic0.15 TWh
Chad0.35 TWh
Chile14.04 TWh83.61 TWh+69.57 TWh+496%
China410.69 TWh9,459.59 TWh+9,048.90 TWh+2,203%
Colombia29.37 TWh86.74 TWh+57.37 TWh+195%
Comoros0.14 TWh
Congo4.00 TWh
Cook Islands0.04 TWh
Costa Rica11.99 TWh
Cote d'Ivoire11.12 TWh
Croatia16.93 TWh
Cuba18.24 TWh
Cyprus1.32 TWh5.39 TWh+4.07 TWh+309%
Czechia58.12 TWh76.18 TWh+18.06 TWh+31%
Democratic Republic of Congo11.04 TWh
Denmark29.14 TWh33.63 TWh+4.49 TWh+15%
Djibouti0.13 TWh
Dominica0.17 TWh
Dominican Republic21.54 TWh
East Timor0.51 TWh
Ecuador4.56 TWh33.55 TWh+28.99 TWh+636%
Egypt30.25 TWh200.98 TWh+170.73 TWh+564%
El Salvador7.22 TWh
Equatorial Guinea1.47 TWh
Eritrea0.38 TWh
Estonia17.83 TWh6.48 TWh-11.35 TWh-64%
Eswatini0.58 TWh
Ethiopia15.42 TWh
Falkland Islands0.02 TWh
Faroe Islands0.42 TWh
Fiji1.04 TWh
Finland49.39 TWh79.84 TWh+30.45 TWh+62%
France344.47 TWh514.11 TWh+169.64 TWh+49%
French Guiana1.01 TWh
French Polynesia0.70 TWh
Gabon2.38 TWh
Gambia0.51 TWh
Georgia14.38 TWh
Germany522.53 TWh504.79 TWh-17.74 TWh-3%
Ghana22.50 TWh
Gibraltar0.25 TWh
Greece27.74 TWh49.38 TWh+21.64 TWh+78%
Greenland0.56 TWh
Grenada0.25 TWh
Guadeloupe1.66 TWh
Guam1.75 TWh
Guatemala13.16 TWh
Guinea3.04 TWh
Guinea-Bissau0.08 TWh
Guyana1.14 TWh
Haiti1.04 TWh
Honduras12.01 TWh
Hong Kong19.25 TWh37.89 TWh+18.64 TWh+97%
Hungary26.79 TWh35.80 TWh+9.01 TWh+34%
Iceland3.84 TWh20.24 TWh+16.40 TWh+427%
India186.39 TWh1,967.90 TWh+1,781.51 TWh+956%
Indonesia16.37 TWh350.61 TWh+334.24 TWh+2,042%
Iran38.91 TWh363.03 TWh+324.11 TWh+833%
Iraq20.97 TWh139.35 TWh+118.38 TWh+564%
Ireland12.09 TWh31.43 TWh+19.34 TWh+160%
Israel15.43 TWh77.18 TWh+61.75 TWh+400%
Italy185.74 TWh262.58 TWh+76.84 TWh+41%
Jamaica4.59 TWh
Japan671.95 TWh1,013.51 TWh+341.56 TWh+51%
Jordan21.87 TWh
Kazakhstan81.26 TWh113.88 TWh+32.62 TWh+40%
Kenya12.20 TWh
Kiribati0.03 TWh
Kosovo6.36 TWh
Kuwait15.42 TWh90.84 TWh+75.42 TWh+489%
Kyrgyzstan13.85 TWh
Laos45.95 TWh
Latvia4.96 TWh6.25 TWh+1.29 TWh+26%
Lebanon10.05 TWh
Lesotho0.50 TWh
Liberia0.79 TWh
Libya30.28 TWh
Lithuania20.96 TWh5.56 TWh-15.40 TWh-73%
Luxembourg0.94 TWh1.14 TWh+0.20 TWh+21%
Macao0.49 TWh
Madagascar2.36 TWh
Malawi1.35 TWh
Malaysia14.94 TWh187.79 TWh+172.85 TWh+1,157%
Maldives0.85 TWh
Mali3.75 TWh
Malta2.57 TWh
Martinique1.51 TWh
Mauritania1.70 TWh
Mauritius3.51 TWh
Mexico96.21 TWh353.34 TWh+257.13 TWh+267%
Moldova5.89 TWh
Mongolia8.10 TWh
Montenegro4.10 TWh
Montserrat0.01 TWh
Morocco7.34 TWh42.38 TWh+35.04 TWh+477%
Mozambique19.02 TWh
Myanmar18.15 TWh
Namibia1.35 TWh
Nauru0.04 TWh
Nepal9.82 TWh
Netherlands62.98 TWh122.15 TWh+59.18 TWh+94%
New Caledonia2.74 TWh
New Zealand28.46 TWh44.52 TWh+16.06 TWh+56%
Nicaragua4.30 TWh
Niger0.79 TWh
Nigeria40.65 TWh
Niue0.00 TWh
North Korea22.28 TWh
North Macedonia6.81 TWh
Norway103.29 TWh153.59 TWh+50.30 TWh+49%
Oman2.89 TWh44.79 TWh+41.90 TWh+1,451%
Pakistan28.82 TWh161.05 TWh+132.23 TWh+459%
Palestine0.93 TWh
Panama13.36 TWh
Papua New Guinea4.83 TWh
Paraguay56.83 TWh
Peru12.11 TWh59.93 TWh+47.82 TWh+395%
Philippines22.77 TWh118.26 TWh+95.49 TWh+419%
Poland137.71 TWh168.75 TWh+31.04 TWh+23%
Portugal18.90 TWh44.88 TWh+25.98 TWh+137%
Puerto Rico19.33 TWh
Qatar3.96 TWh54.39 TWh+50.43 TWh+1,272%
Reunion3.09 TWh
Romania71.82 TWh56.28 TWh-15.54 TWh-22%
Russia962.00 TWh1,177.47 TWh+215.47 TWh+22%
Rwanda0.98 TWh
Saint Helena0.01 TWh
Saint Kitts and Nevis0.22 TWh
Saint Lucia0.39 TWh
Saint Pierre and Miquelon0.05 TWh
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines0.17 TWh
Samoa0.19 TWh
Sao Tome and Principe0.14 TWh
Saudi Arabia51.65 TWh422.87 TWh+371.21 TWh+719%
Senegal7.76 TWh
Serbia39.21 TWh
Seychelles0.62 TWh
Sierra Leone0.20 TWh
Singapore9.88 TWh57.33 TWh+47.45 TWh+480%
Slovakia22.51 TWh29.63 TWh+7.12 TWh+32%
Slovenia15.22 TWh
Solomon Islands0.10 TWh
Somalia0.38 TWh
South Africa143.49 TWh228.35 TWh+84.86 TWh+59%
South Korea62.67 TWh614.19 TWh+551.52 TWh+880%
South Sudan0.62 TWh
Spain126.56 TWh269.75 TWh+143.19 TWh+113%
Sri Lanka2.46 TWh16.90 TWh+14.43 TWh+586%
Sudan17.86 TWh
Suriname2.09 TWh
Sweden137.14 TWh166.36 TWh+29.22 TWh+21%
Switzerland56.34 TWh70.89 TWh+14.55 TWh+26%
Syria16.86 TWh
Taiwan55.56 TWh281.47 TWh+225.91 TWh+407%
Tajikistan20.88 TWh
Tanzania9.02 TWh
Thailand23.03 TWh190.49 TWh+167.46 TWh+727%
Togo0.88 TWh
Tonga0.08 TWh
Trinidad and Tobago3.02 TWh9.72 TWh+6.69 TWh+221%
Tunisia21.03 TWh
Turkey34.22 TWh319.79 TWh+285.57 TWh+835%
Turkmenistan10.99 TWh33.48 TWh+22.49 TWh+205%
Turks and Caicos Islands0.26 TWh
Uganda5.39 TWh
Ukraine272.00 TWh103.39 TWh-168.61 TWh-62%
United Arab Emirates12.19 TWh165.04 TWh+152.86 TWh+1,254%
United Kingdom298.09 TWh293.49 TWh-4.60 TWh-2%
United States2,657.15 TWh4,249.05 TWh+1,591.90 TWh+60%
United States Virgin Islands0.68 TWh
Uruguay13.20 TWh
Uzbekistan47.94 TWh78.00 TWh+30.06 TWh+63%
Vanuatu0.07 TWh
Venezuela47.29 TWh85.76 TWh+38.47 TWh+81%
Vietnam5.07 TWh265.77 TWh+260.70 TWh+5,143%
Western Sahara
Yemen2.95 TWh
Zambia19.47 TWh
Zimbabwe8.93 TWh
Other
ASEAN (Ember)1,237.40 TWh
Africa258.99 TWh881.02 TWh+622.03 TWh+240%
Africa (EI)258.99 TWh902.93 TWh+643.94 TWh+249%
Africa (Ember)878.28 TWh
Asia2,009.02 TWh16,216.66 TWh+14,207.64 TWh+707%
Asia (Ember)15,237.65 TWh
Asia Pacific (EI)1,724.88 TWh15,281.97 TWh+13,557.08 TWh+786%
CIS (EI)1,213.72 TWh1,524.84 TWh+311.12 TWh+26%
Central America (EI)11.16 TWh65.25 TWh+54.10 TWh+485%
Eastern Africa (EI)24.10 TWh127.91 TWh+103.81 TWh+431%
Europe3,844.83 TWh4,731.48 TWh+886.65 TWh+23%
Europe (EI)2,883.88 TWh3,805.13 TWh+921.25 TWh+32%
Europe (Ember)4,951.58 TWh
European Union (27)2,023.12 TWh2,777.03 TWh+753.91 TWh+37%
G20 (Ember)24,893.25 TWh
G7 (Ember)7,472.43 TWh
High-income countries6,648.47 TWh11,594.29 TWh+4,945.82 TWh+74%
Latin America and Caribbean (Ember)1,806.93 TWh
Low-income countries126.35 TWh
Lower-middle-income countries658.77 TWh3,774.11 TWh+3,115.34 TWh+473%
Middle Africa (EI)9.74 TWh45.30 TWh+35.56 TWh+365%
Middle East (EI)183.52 TWh1,463.39 TWh+1,279.87 TWh+697%
Middle East (Ember)1,389.08 TWh
Non-OECD (EI)3,321.93 TWh18,746.15 TWh+15,424.23 TWh+464%
North America3,251.75 TWh5,432.09 TWh+2,180.34 TWh+67%
North America (EI)3,212.37 TWh5,481.99 TWh+2,269.62 TWh+71%
North America (Ember)4,884.46 TWh
OECD (EI)6,564.14 TWh11,178.60 TWh+4,614.46 TWh+70%
OECD (Ember)10,874.63 TWh
Oceania152.14 TWh329.53 TWh+177.39 TWh+117%
Oceania (Ember)331.07 TWh
South America358.18 TWh1,245.33 TWh+887.15 TWh+248%
South and Central America (EI)408.71 TWh1,464.51 TWh+1,055.80 TWh+258%
Upper-middle-income countries2,242.00 TWh13,341.23 TWh+11,099.23 TWh+495%
Western Africa (EI)18.22 TWh98.96 TWh+80.74 TWh+443%
World9,886.06 TWh29,479.05 TWh+19,592.99 TWh+198%
Data

Total electricity generation

Ember and Energy Institute
See all data and research on:

About this data

Total electricity generation
Ember and Energy Institute
Measured in terawatt-hours.
Source
Ember (2024); Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Last updated
June 20, 2024
Next expected update
June 2025
Date range
1985–2023
Unit
terawatt-hours

Sources and processing

This data is based on the following sources

This dataset contains yearly electricity generation, capacity, emissions, import and demand data for over 200 geographies.

You can find more about Ember's methodology in this document.

Retrieved on
May 8, 2024
Citation
This is the citation of the original data obtained from the source, prior to any processing or adaptation by Our World in Data. To cite data downloaded from this page, please use the suggested citation given in Reuse This Work below.
Ember - Yearly Electricity Data (2024).
The data is collected from multi-country datasets (EIA, Eurostat, Energy Institute, UN) as well as national sources (e.g China data from the National Bureau of Statistics).

The Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy analyses data on world energy markets from the prior year.

Retrieved on
June 20, 2024
Citation
This is the citation of the original data obtained from the source, prior to any processing or adaptation by Our World in Data. To cite data downloaded from this page, please use the suggested citation given in Reuse This Work below.
Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024).

How we process data at Our World in Data

All data and visualizations on Our World in Data rely on data sourced from one or several original data providers. Preparing this original data involves several processing steps. Depending on the data, this can include standardizing country names and world region definitions, converting units, calculating derived indicators such as per capita measures, as well as adding or adapting metadata such as the name or the description given to an indicator.

At the link below you can find a detailed description of the structure of our data pipeline, including links to all the code used to prepare data across Our World in Data.

Read about our data pipeline
Notes on our processing step for this indicator
  • We rely on Ember as the primary source of electricity data. While the Energy Institute (EI) provides primary energy (not just electricity) consumption data and it provides a longer time-series (dating back to 1965) than Ember (which only dates back to 1990), EI does not provide data for all countries or for all sources of electricity (for example, only Ember provides data on electricity from bioenergy). So, where data from Ember is available for a given country and year, we rely on it as the primary source. We then supplement this with data from EI where data from Ember is not available.

Reuse this work

  • All data produced by third-party providers and made available by Our World in Data are subject to the license terms from the original providers. Our work would not be possible without the data providers we rely on, so we ask you to always cite them appropriately (see below). This is crucial to allow data providers to continue doing their work, enhancing, maintaining and updating valuable data.
  • All data, visualizations, and code produced by Our World in Data are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license. You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited.

Citations

How to cite this page

To cite this page overall, including any descriptions, FAQs or explanations of the data authored by Our World in Data, please use the following citation:

“Data Page: Total electricity generation”, part of the following publication: Hannah Ritchie, Pablo Rosado and Max Roser (2023) - “Energy”. Data adapted from Ember, Energy Institute. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-generation [online resource]
How to cite this data

In-line citationIf you have limited space (e.g. in data visualizations), you can use this abbreviated in-line citation:

Ember (2024); Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data

Full citation

Ember (2024); Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Total electricity generation – Ember and Energy Institute” [dataset]. Ember, “Yearly Electricity Data”; Energy Institute, “Statistical Review of World Energy” [original data]. Retrieved April 6, 2025 from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-generation