{"chart":{"title":"Goods and services discrimination protections based on sexual orientation or gender identity","citation":"Velasco (2026)","originalChartUrl":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/goods-and-services-discrimination-protections-sexual-orientation-gender-identity","selection":["Brazil","India","Japan","Pakistan","Syria","United Arab Emirates"]},"columns":{"Goods and services discrimination protections (sexual orientation and gender identity)":{"titleShort":"Goods and services discrimination protections","titleLong":"Goods and services discrimination protections","descriptionShort":"Whether national law prohibits discrimination in the provision of goods and services based on sexual orientation, gender identity, both, or neither.","descriptionKey":"- This data comes from the LGBTI National Policy Dataset, compiled by Kristopher Velasco at Princeton University. It tracks the adoption, scope, and enforcement of 27 LGBTI-related policies across 195 countries, with annual data starting in 1991.\n- The indicator is coded as follows: **_Both protected_** (national law prohibits goods and services discrimination on both sexual orientation and gender identity), **_Sexual orientation only_** (national law prohibits goods and services discrimination on sexual orientation but not gender identity), **_Gender identity only_** (national law prohibits goods and services discrimination on gender identity but not sexual orientation), **_Varies by region_** (protections differ between subnational jurisdictions for either ground) and **_No protection_** (national law does not prohibit goods and services discrimination on either ground).\n- \"Varies by region\" also covers asymmetric cases where one dimension is fully unprotected and the other is partially protected across subnational jurisdictions — e.g. a federal country where some states or provinces protect sexual orientation but none protect gender identity.\n- The dataset counts policies established by binding legal instruments — statutes, constitutional provisions, decrees and regulations with the force of law, and binding court rulings. Where no law governs a policy, a written rule that does can count too, such as a health-authority guideline, a blood service's donor questionnaire or a religious ruling. Bills, ministerial statements and non-binding declarations are not counted.","descriptionProcessing":"The original dataset has separate indicators for sexual orientation and for gender identity. We combined them into one indicator that shows whether national law covers both grounds, only one, or neither. When either ground is covered in only part of the country, we classify the country as \"Varies by region\".","shortUnit":"","unit":"","timespan":"1991-2025","type":"Ordinal","owidVariableId":1354599,"shortName":"goods_services_discrimination","lastUpdated":"2026-07-15","nextUpdate":"2027-07-15","citationShort":"Velasco (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data","citationLong":"Velasco (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Goods and services discrimination protections – Velasco” [dataset]. Velasco, “LGBTI National Policy Dataset 3.0” [original data].","fullMetadata":"https://api.ourworldindata.org/v1/indicators/1354599.metadata.json"}},"dateDownloaded":"2026-10-31"}